Business case for an IT Solution for solution to a real healthcare Research Paper

Business case for an IT Solution for solution to a real healthcare issue in Population Healt Management - Research Paper Example This has made it hard for the organizations to meet their set goals or targets. Even though the EHR (Electronic Health Records) provides many of the health facilities with clinical data in raw form, there have still been some challenges. The challenges include ensuring that the data is accessible and the same time usable. An additional challenge has been reporting the outcomes of the data that has been accessed and used (Health Catalysts, 2015). According to WPRO, the integration of information systems in the health sector can be defined as, â€Å"the process of combining different components of health information systems so that they function in a more coordinated and unified manner† (Lum, Bennet & Whittaker, 2009). Information technology can be used to integrate and share the data in the health sector. The data integration can occur in different number of levels in the system of health information. These levels include: contents, data management, data quality assurance and analysis, organization support, data dissemination and sharing and donor inputs. The contents include the information or indicators while the data management involves the information technology use with a central repository. Quality of data assurance and analysis include the use of statistical and analytical techniques that are standardized. The organization support entails capacity building and training of the human resource. The sharing and dis semination of data is where there is the use of visual analytics. The donor inputs entail and not limited to, resource sharing. The art of integration of data entails effort being put in place to link data elements that are independent. The different sources of data that have different types of data or media of storage are integrated to develop new information. This is made possible through the use of information technology in the health facilities. Data integration covers all data handling

What Are Unstructured And Structured Interviews Business Essay

What Are Unstructured And Structured Interviews Business Essay Before constructing business plans, it is important to probe the external environment. This takes the form of a SLEPT analysis, i.e. an investigation of the Social, Legal, Economic, Political, and Technological influences on a business. In addition it is also important to be aware of the actions of competitors. Economic changes are strictly related to social activities. Its changes that affect business include changes in the interest rate, wage rates, and the rate of inflation (i.e. general level of increase in prices). Businesses will be more encouraged to expand and take risks when economic conditions are right, e.g. low interest rates and rising demand. As conclusion, if economic changes happen to an organization, possibility it will increase or decrease quantities of manpower and cut cost / expand of overhead or expenses based on the current economic change. Workforce Changes To certify that changes are successful, organizations need to grow a workforce proficient at handling change in whatever practice it precedes. This undertaking requires not only understanding and fostering effective behaviours and attitudes, but also developing a wide-ranging organizational process infusing change agility throughout the company. A system ensuring the right organizational structures is in place and that individuals have the capabilities required at each level. Once top management provides the vision on what change is needed, the organization must then set out to develop and execute a change management plan and engage their workforce in the process. It able to evaluates the change effectiveness skills and abilities of employees by analysing the specific behaviours and characteristics needed to improve on the situation. For an example, the organisation develop Research Development department to check, analyse and provide the significant improvement for the particular changes. Question 1: The Human Resource managers job is a challenging task and requires certain proficiencies for success. Briefly explain these proficiencies which are important for a HR managers success. (10 marks) HR Proficiency: It is covered on employee recruitment, selection, training compensation on this proficiency. Business Proficiency: Human Resource Manager is responsible to assist top management for framing strategies. HR manager should be aware with strategic on planning, marketing, finance production. That knowledge will help top management to formulate new strategies for the company in term of return on investment. Leadership Proficiency: HR Manager should possess Leadership Quality. They need to have the ability to control and manage the workforce toward a specific vision. HR managers need to capture on the latest changes and lead the team as it permits. Learning Proficiency: Technologies are changing rapidly; HR manager must learn new things and need to be updated as time passes. Learning proficiency will help to manage with this changing of environment. It is good for control and provides practice for the workforce in an effective way. Question 2: Explain and illustrate the basic ways to classify selection interviews. Briefly explain how structured interviews, regardless of content, are more valid than unstructured interviews for predicting job performance? (15 marks) What are unstructured and structured interviews? Interviews can be structured or unstructured. Unstructured interview is an interviewing technique whereby the conversation can be via video call or in relaxing conversation and the questions are not specifically set. The conversation question is depending on how each individual responds. Therefore, interviewer might engage the wrong candidate determined based on unclear impressions. As conclusion, an unstructured interview is might be incur time consuming and because the information gathered from all the candidates is different, it is difficult to have a ground for comparison which is effects on reliability and validity. Structured interviews are reliable and valid structured behavioral-interviews in line with international best practice. It is involve questions which are set out and followed thoroughly. Every candidate is presented with the same questions and this ensures that each respondent has had the opportunity to reply for each question. Structured interviews have higher predictive validity. As conclusion, asking every candidate with the standardized questions and taking down relevant notes during the process can also improve validity and reliability of the interview. Structured interviews are better at predicting job performance if they are appropriately and thoroughly based on job analysis and trained interviewers are used. Structured interviews assume that intentions and actual behaviors are strongly linked. Structured interviews can also involve multiple interviewers and use well-defined rating scales with specific rating procedures. Question 2: In your opinion, can companies do without a detailed job descriptions? Defend your answer. (10 marks) Job description is a detailed list of specific duties and tasks in a company and achieve in the specific objectives. We must have a job description in the company or in an organization. Job Analysis to identify job duties, responsibilities, equipment used, work relationships and work environment. A draft of the identified job duties, responsibilities, equipment, relationships, and work environment would be reviewed with the supervisor for accuracy. The Job Analyst would then prepare a job description and/or job specifications for the workforce carry out the specific duties. It is important to create and achieve teamwork spirit in a company. Question 3: Description the reasons on the importance of new employee orientation. What are some benefits of properly conducted orientation programme to an organisation? (15 marks) THE IMPORTANCE OF NEW EMPLOYEE ORIENTATION Orientation is an introductory or preliminaries stage in the process of new employee adaptation and a part of continuous socialization process in an organization. These are the advantages to conduct a new staff orientation programme:- It allows new staff members to have a clear understanding of the organization, positions and the community. It is a good start and providing appropriate background to new staff members will do a good job over the long term and stay longer with the organization. It makes life easier for new staff members in the organization by eliminating unnecessary troubles. It encloses the new staff member into an existing social structure and helping them bond with others, at the same time helping to improve the organizational It formally welcomes new staff to the organization and ensure them have support for done a better performance. By making staff knowledgeable and well-prepared, it able to develop the organizations reputation and lead the community for better achievement. Question 3: b) In your opinion, can job rotation be the best training method to use for developing management trainees, in a bank? Defend your answer. (10 marks) Job rotation is a management technique that assigns trainees to different jobs and departments over a period. Surveys show that an increasing number of banks are using job rotation to train employees. Job rotation able to control or detect errors and frauds. It reduces the risk of collusion between individuals. Organizations dealing with sensitive information or system in a bank where there is an opportunity for personal gain can benefit by job rotation. Job rotation also helps bank continuity as multiple people are equally equipped to perform a job function. If an employee is unavailable other staffs able handle that position with similar efficiency. PART B MINI CASE STUDY Carefully read the news article below and then answer question 4 at the end of the article: Enterprise ICT industry reactions to Malaysias Budget 2013 ComputerWorld, Malaysia By AvantiKumar | Oct. 1, 2012 Addressing the talent gap On the issue of knowledgeable, creative and innovative human capital, training programmes will be developed to hone new skills in line with future needs of industry in a high-income and developed economy. For this purpose, RM3.7 billion [US$1.21 billion] will be allocated in 2013 to train students in technical and vocational fields, said Najib. He said the government would establish the Graduate Employability Taskforce with an allocation of RM200 million [US$65.38 million] to strengthen employability of unemployed graduates under Graduate Employability Blueprint by end-2012. The government will allocate RM440 million [US$143.84 million] to the Skills Development Fund Corporation (PTPK), to provide loans for trainees to undergo skills training, he said. HP Enterprise Group, South East Asia (SEA) vice president and acting general manager HP Malaysia managing director Narinder Kapoor noted the Governments continued and expanded focus on talent and human capital development. Incentives provided under Budget 2013, such as reducing the cost of learning, enhancing teaching skills in core subjects through the Higher Order Thinking Skills approach, the New Entrepreneur Foundation and the Graduate Employability Blueprint will not only help develop an entrepreneurial spirit, but also set the foundation and churn out more knowledge-based workers. Developing a bigger pool of local ICT talent with the right set of hard and soft skills that meet industry expectations will certainly help enhance Malaysias global competitiveness, said Kapoor. While the education sector focuses on improving proficiency in core subjects, more concerted efforts are needed at higher learning institutes to include course that focus on sub-specialisation within the ICT industry. Developing the right talent and human capital in ICT becomes even more important now as Digital Malaysia initiative targets to create more than 160,000 high-value jobs by the year 2020. Microsoft Malaysias managing director Ananth Lazarus commended the Malaysian governments financial prudence while remaining focused on the importance of transforming education and improving the quality of daily life. However, Microsoft Malaysia believes that more could be done to leverage ICT to achieve these goals and commits itself towards transforming Malaysia together into a high-income and developed nation, said Lazarus. It is clear that the government places a premium priority on securing the future success of the nation with more than RM41 billion [US$13.40 billion] along with various tax incentives and other allocations committed to improving the quality of education in the country. We certainly laud the governments commitment to transforming education by lending the necessary budgetary commitment to meet the aspirations outlined in the recently announced National Education Blueprint. At the same time, the governments incentives towards leveraging intellectual property appear to signal the countrys recognition that it needs to move up the value chain, he said. This is certainly a step in the right direction in achieving the countrys aspiration to become a high-income nation, said Lazarus. Autodesk Malaysia country manager Tan Choon Sang (CS Tan) said the increased encouragement to use green technology was welcomed. [In addition] in order to raise Malaysias position as a competitive market, skill-sets need to be well aligned and in order for this, the industry needs to produce a quality workforce with the right skills such as those through our Autodesk Education Community. A talented local workforce is essential to meet the current needs of a growing economy, and the future needs of a high-income and developed nation. We continue to support the governments efforts to look at human capital development holistically, with initiatives and incentives to retain top talent and develop fresh talent that are essential for the nation to remain competitive regionally and globally, said Dell Global Business Center, Cyberjaya, managing director, Pang Yee Beng. [In addition], Malaysia is a strategic country for human resources for Dell, and we place huge emphasis and investment on a people-focused strategy and talent development said Pang. We continue to support the Government in building a pool of knowledgeable, creative and innovative workforce. To this end, we have recently launched the Dell Malaysia University [DMU] that offers industry recognised certifications and degrees in collaboration with local and foreign universities, professional bodies and institutions of higher learning. Extracted source: http://www.computerworld.com.my/tech/industries/enterprise-ict-industryreactions-to-malaysias-budget-2013/?page=3 Question 4: What is your general reaction on the Malaysias Budget 2013 in terms of training and development? Justify your answer. (10 marks) Training and development is referred to the practice of providing training, working platform, coaching, monitoring, and learning chances to employees to inspire and motivate them to carry out their job functions of that position to the best level and within standards set by the organization. It may also enhance and achieve the Continuous Quality Improvement Section. On my opinion for reaction on the Malaysias Budget 2013, there are the following ways systems of care principles and values might be evident in training, development, and human resources in our community: Staff members such as children, youth and families as priorities within the community. It has set into a system of care. Life experience is considered an important fact within the systems of care. Based on the systems of care principles into training, development, and human resources functions, it able to identify the changes and ensure the progress of improvement. A culturally, linguistically, and ethnically diverse and competent staff is evident in training, development and human resources activities. Ongoing training and development occurs across all systems of care partners to enhance performance of interagency teams. Question 4: b) If you are the HR manager of your organisation, what would be the important criteria in recruiting and selecting of a potential talented candidate that you would recommend to include in Graduate Employability Blueprint that (going to) offers by the government? Discuss in detail the reason(s) for the criteria you set forward are crucial for new and unemployed graduate in Malaysia. (15 marks) In preliminary stage, HR Manager should set out job analysis and job description for recruiting purpose. It may go through advertise from local media such as Job Street, newspaper or TV channel. On selection potential talented candidate, HR Manager will take consideration on education qualification, working experience, personal skills etc. HR Manager will select suitable candidate via structured interview and eliminate wrongly recruitment. On my opinion, for new or unemployed graduate, they should allocated themselves in term of knowledge, courage, good learning attitude to attempt new challenge and well-prepared before making decision or provide solution to others.

Yemen Conflict and the Role of the IGOs and the NGOs in the Yemen Confl

Introduction The conflict that took place in Yemen in 2012 was one of the most rigorous revolutions that took place in the Middle East during the Arab spring revolt. The conflict in Yemen started as a protest against social and economic conditions such as unemployment, corruption, and the proposal by the government to modify the constitution. As the protests proceeded, people of Yemen added more grievances and called for the resignation of President Ali Abdullah Saleh. During this conflict, the government and military officials resigned from president Saleh’s government rendering the government powerless in dealing with the protestors. In January 2012, a major protest that involved sixteen thousand nationals took place in Yemen, this pressured president Saleh making him to announce that he would not run for reelection. However, the protestors could not hear any of this and they intensified their protests. The government’s relevant authorities opened fire on protestors, and many peo ple lost their lives with fifty-two protestors being shot dead in March (Amnesty International 10). Yemen Conflict and the Role of the IGOs and the NGOs in the Yemen Conflict The first IGO to be involved in the Yemen conflict was Gulf Co-operation Council, which tried to enter into a deal to end the conflict with president Saleh. However, president Saleh walked out of the agreement some hours before it was signed, and he did this three times. When president Saleh walked out of the deal for the third time, the Gulf Co-operation became frustrated and announced that it was withdrawing its mediation efforts in the Yemen conflict. President Saleh not only withdrew from the broken deal, but also refused to sign a transi... ...esses (Clark 128). Works Cited Amnesty International. Yemen: Human Rights Concerns Following Recent Armed Conflict. New York, NY: Amnesty International, 2011. Print. Caton, Steven C. Yemen Chronicle: An Anthropology of War and Mediation. New York, NY: Hill and Wang, 2012.Print. Clark, Janine A. Islam, Charity, and Activism: Middle-Class Networks and Social Welfare in Egypt, Jordan, and Yemen. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004. Print. Little, Tom. South Arabia: Arena of Conflict. London: Pall Mall P., 2011. Print. Nefissa, Sarah Ben. NGOs and Governance in the Arab World. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2012. Print. Terrill, Andrew W., and Army War College (U.S.) Strategic Studies Institute. The Conflicts In Yemen And U.S. National Security. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2011. Print.

The Compare, Contrast About the Usa and Canada

Full name: Hoang Hong Ngoc (Jade) The USA and Canada: The compare and contrast This essay will compare and contrast the similarities and differences between two North American countries, The USA and Canada. Both of them are young countries, their histories are linked. Therefore, culturally and historically they are closely related. Although they have many similarities, the two countries still have differences in population, languages and climate factors. Firstly, the USA and Canada have very different populations.The USA has a thriving 300 million whereas Canada has about 32 million (socyberty. com). The second largest country in the world is Canada but as far as its population is concerned, it just has the 33rd position (www. mapsofworld. com). However, the United States has the world's third largest population. Canada and the USA have somewhat similar population distribution patterns. Both of them have population mostly concentrated in major urban centres. However, Canada has only 4 major cities: Ottawa, Toronto, Victoria and Montreal although the USA has over 10 major centres.This is why the population of the United States is more than Canada. Secondly, Canada has two main languages French and English, while the United States which only uses English. In the past both countries are similar where waves of immigration from other countries have created their subculture. Therefore, they have many different languages such as Chinese, German, Russian,†¦ However, English is the most spoken languages of Canada except some province. Furthermore, the USA and Canada support to each other about economy.As geographic neighbor, the USA is the most trading partner with Canada because 70 percent of Canada’s products export to the USA and also Canada is the largest export customer of the United States. Almost the trade in goods between them is source of natural resources, because many of Canada’s important industries are based on them. In addition, investme nt and technology have benefited by Canadians while the USA of markets. Anyway, one part of Canada’s economy depends on the USA. Finally, the climate also has the similarities. The climate varies between different areas, regions.The weather changes from one year to another. For example, the whole of the south of the USA is normally hot from late May to middle September, with the southwest usually being very hot and dry, and the southeast also hot and humid. If planning when to come the USA or Canada you also need to consider how the air change, depending on the time of year, and how the cost and accommodation. In conclusion, it can be seen that the population, languages, economy and climate of the USA and Canada have some similarities as well as differences.In general, the similarities are in languages whereas the differences are in population. However, they still support each other and develop together. REFERENCES Eighth Edition (2013) National Geographic Atlas of the World. http://travel. nationalgeographic. com/travel/countries/canada-facts/ [2013, 03 March] Unknown author (2013) U. S. PopClock Projection http://www. census. gov/population/www/popclockus. html [2013, 03 March] Unknown author (2013) Economy and Finance http://london. usembassy. gov/econ. html [2013, 03 March]

Experimental Hypnosis

Hypnosis is defined as â€Å"A trancelike state resembling sleep, usually induced by a therapist by focusing a subject's attention, that heightens the subject's receptivity to suggestion. The uses of hypnosis in medicine and psychology include recovering repressed memories, modifying or eliminating undesirable behavior (such as smoking), and treating certain chronic disorders, such as anxiety† (American Heritage, 2012). Its name comes from the Greek language â€Å"hypnos† meaning sleep. Hypnosis is a natural state of mind.This state of mind is known as hyper- suggestibility where a subject is more prone to change if guided by the hypnotherapist in the direction of his desire. While in this hyper- suggestible state, the mind has the power to change an association, get rid of old pains or accept new behaviors. The first to start studying the use of hypnosis was Franz Anton Mesmner in 1700, a Swiss medical doctor that noticed that patients with pains responded very well to inductions of sleep, which allowed them to lower their pains. A revision of Mesmer’s theories was made by the English Doctor James Braid.He coined the name hypnosis, and that is why he is regarded as the father of hypnosis. Dr. Braid used hypnosis extensively in his medical practice. Sigmund Freud also used hypnosis and was impressed by the therapeutic potential of hypnosis for neurotic disorders, but his focus on the mysterious element of sexual nature made him abandon it for psychoanalysis, and with the beginning of psychoanalysis the focus on hypnosis started to decline. In 1958 the American Medical Association recognized hypnosis as a legitimate cure in medicine.In May 2001, at the Australian Medical Association, Dr.  K Phelps stated, â€Å"as evidence emerges that some complementary medicines are effective, then it becomes ethically impossible for the medical profession to ignore them† (Cowen, 2004). In this statement she is referring to some alternative medici ne practices including hypnosis. The mind is the power behind it all, and hypnosis guides this power to heal mind, body and soul; thus hypnosis is a useful tool to cure mental disorders. Hypnosis should be used more often in psychological treatment because it is an effective, safe and proven tool.Hypnosis was proved to be effective by several Doctors and therapists in the field. It all started with Mesmer and his animal magnetism. He noticed that by passing his hands close to the body to allow the â€Å"magnetic fluid† to flow from his fingertips into the client’s body, he could restore balance and health, and it only took three sessions for a diseased person to heal. People were amazed by how clients would be cured from incurable conditions, but Mesmer clashed with the medical field when a client cured of blindness relapsed. Then he moved to Paris where he practiced magnetism.James Braid was an English surgeon and writer on hypnotism. He is the one that coined the nam e hypnosis and demonstrated that it was not animal magnetism, but it was just achieved by suggestion. His writings are what led to future research and development of hypnosis and the investigation of what was later called the unconscious mind (E. Hilgard, 1984). Milton Erickson, the founder of Hypnocounseling, was a major influence in practices of counseling and psychotherapy, and his methods are without doubt the fasted growing in the western world in the field of psychotherapy.He was also one of the most prominent founders of neurolinguistic programming (NLP). He was also very influential in the in family and brief systemic therapy model of the Mental Health Research Institute. His work has been so original and creative that he was nicknamed â€Å"Mr. Hypnosis† (Gunnison, H. , 1990). He also was the founder and first president of the American Society for Clinical Hypnosis, as well as the first editor of its journal. Erickson goal was to give back to their clients their pers onal power and control over their lives with the use of â€Å"implied directive language.†Instead of saying, â€Å"Sit back in the chair, relax, and listen to my voice†, he would say: â€Å"You can sit back in the chair and you might even relax and listen to my voice. † â€Å"The word can suggests that you have the ability to sit back in your chair and also sets up an implied choice, that ‘you can choose to sit back in the chair, if you want to-or not’† (Gunnison, H. , 1990). â€Å"The use of words such as can, might, could, and possibly makes for communication that remains tentative, open, highly respectful of the client’s world and wishes, and implying client choice and power.IDL exists at the heart of hypnocounseling. † (Gunnison, H. , 1990). His hypnotic language was focused on enabling the clients to believe that they could change, since the root of all people’s problem is that they do not know how to change and they do not think they can change. But Erickson knew that changing is easy; the way to make it happen is for the person to believe they can change and to make a â€Å"choice,† to make the â€Å"decision† to change. Without that permission the mind will always keep the old program because the subconscious mind follows orders and past decisions like a slave.It will not change because one hopes to change or because one wants to change. It only changes when one tells it to change, when one makes that important decision like: I decided to quit smoking; I am doing it today; I decided to let go of all past hurts and to be happy now; I choose to be a success regardless of what others think of me, and so on. In order to enable the client Erickson would use suggestions such as: â€Å"You can begin to change when you choose implies that you have the ability to change and the presupposition denotes, of course, that you will when you choose to.This is an effective strategy for changin g perceptions† (Gunnison, H. , 1990). Another of his powerful suggestions is: â€Å"You can now curiously take this time to wonder about different ways to change. Isn’t it exciting to realize that you have the power to choose different ways of being? † (Gunnison, H. , 1990) (The italicized words will be said with a higher or lower tone of voice to emphasize them. Another successful technique is called Reframing. â€Å"Reframing represents the idea that individuals can â€Å"break out of limiting misconceptions to a broader understanding of human possibilities† (Gunnison, H., 1990).A picture will look totally different in a pink frame or in a black frame. In order to accomplish this, Erickson would use techniques like: â€Å"You know I can hear your sadness and loss and at the same time I sense a very deep courage inside of you that you can draw upon. Isn’t it interesting that we can discover strengths we didn’t realize we had during times o f travail and pain? † (Gunnison, H. , 1990). Hypnosis is safe. The general belief about hypnosis is that the hypnotist will be in control of the client’s mind while under hypnosis.The truth is that every form of hypnosis is a form of self-hypnosis where the hypnotist just guides the client to let go of the old associations and accept new ones. The heightened concentration created by hypnosis makes resource retrieval and association easier for the client's Adult and Child. Hypnosis allows the client to effortlessly shift attention to supportive ego states and build strong associations between each of them and offers the resources the Child needs to maintain the re-decision†(Singer, W. B. , 1952).Change is a much easier process under hypnosis, where the mind is more suggestible and open to change than during the wakening state where the mind is protecting itself from change. The way the session works is that the hypnotist tests responsiveness to find out the level o f susceptibility with suggestibility techniques. The session starts with the induction technique that allows the client to enter the hypnotic state; deepening techniques are then used to facilitate a deeper state of hypnosis and therefore of susceptibility.While the client is in this deeper state, the hypnotist will use hypnotic suggestions to attempt to create new associations in the client’s mind while allowing old unwanted associations to be removed. There are many things the hypnotist can do while the client is in this state. A very successful technique is the abreaction extinction technique. This technique is very useful for people that had small or big traumas that created a mental or psychosomatic scar. This metaphorical â€Å"scar† is the one responsible, most of the time, for client’s disorders like depression, anxiety, guilt and sabotaging behavior, addictions, and so on.The abreaction happens when the hypnotist asks the subconscious mind to bring up a significant emotional event that hurt and caused the particular issue that the client wants fixed. The subconscious will bring up an image of an event or a memory that created the problem in the first place. The hypnotist can then extinguish the cause and create new associations to replace it. I had a personal experience with this last one where for nine years I suffered from debilitating, atrocious pain cramps from periods. While I was under hypnosis and I was asked for the memory to come up, a memory actually did come up.It was an event that was not that big a deal for me, but as soon as I saw that memory in my mind I thought: I must have done something wrong to deserve this. This was a phrase that continuously I would never even think about having, but my subconscious did. The skilled hypnotist removed that association and two days later I was shopping with no period cramps, something that never happened in the previous nine years. Another technique that is quite a success is th e switching technique. In this technique the clients are asked to remember an event where they felt how they would like to feel today.For a person that was happy and then got depressed, or for a person that was successful and then got broke, this is a very useful technique. The reason why is that many people are happy as they grow up; as kids they play, and their parents take care of the bills and protect them from harm, and everything is wonderful. One day, as grown ups, they get a bad experience. The husband dies, they lose their business or their home, somebody steals from them, and the clients start developing mental distortions or disorders or even start suffering from psychosomatic diseases.With this technique the hypnotist can easily re-create the old association in the client’s mind by simply switching the bad association with the old new one. The clients will then be back to the old happy people they wanted to continue to be. At the end the clients are slowly awakene d. One of the best and most powerful hypnotic techniques is the post-hypnotic suggestion technique. This was greatly used in the Veterans Administration Hospital, Vancouver, Washington, where there were very few beds available and many requests for them.Therefore the hospital adopted the use of hypnotherapy to speed up the improvement of their patients in order to free beds quickly. Patients were given post-hypnotic suggestions that when they were coming to group meetings they were going to discuss their problems and have a high level of motivational participation allowing their patients to improve faster. (Singer, W. B. , 1952). One of the most amazing post-hypnotic suggestion is the one used to change neuron pathways. For example, people that have addictions have automatic responses to triggers. They smoke after dinner, in the car, after class and so on.They have created a habit. In this case the hypnotist gives a post-hypnotic suggestion to reverse the habit. A good suggestion wo uld be: Every time you finish eating, you just enjoy the flavors in your mouth and even if you think about smoking a cigarette, you can’t, so go back to the things you need to be doing. In this post-hypnotic suggestion the clients will be amazed to see that after dinner they will try to go for the cigarette, but they will refuse it. In some hard cases the suggestion would be: Every time you put a cigarette to your mouth you experience that bad taste in your mouth as if it were puke.Of course the client needs to give permission to this suggestion, but it is very successful and many clients, as soon as they put their cigarette in their mouth, they literally will puke: That is how powerful the suggestion is. Another example of post-hypnotic suggestion is people will experience a bad event which will trigger them to become depressed, and days later they forget about the event, but still feel depressed not knowing why. In these cases the hypnotist gives a post-hypnotic suggestion that every time there is a bad event, they can still feel good and move on.Therefore, clients that are in hard life situations and still are able to handle them with a smile on their face, because the suggestion has been programmed and the mind no longer accepts being sad from outside forces. Another very useful post-hypnotic suggestion is for people that focus on problems. The mind can focus on either negative or positive, either problems or solutions. It can only think one thing at the time; therefore if people think about the problem, the mind would not give them a solution.At the same time, if the person focuses on the negative, the mind would not be able to think of the positive; hence, the person focusing on the negative will start to become depressed because the mind only sees negative. This could be represented in John Milton’s quote, â€Å"The mind is its own place, and in itself can make a heaven of hell, a hell of heaven†. In this case the post-hypnotic sugg estion would create an auto response that every time the person starts to think negative or problems, the mind will quickly just focus on solutions, focus on the positive while fixing the problem.The amazing fact is that this is all it takes to cure depression in a few sessions. This is confirmed by many therapists. One of them, Elke Kellis, wrote that the use of hypnosis has been well documented and is highly effective for depression. â€Å"Hypnosis can be useful in deepening and enhancing particular cognitive interventions such as cognitive restructuring, increasing confidence, coping better with life’s challenges, shifting focus from failure to successes, enhancing a sense of control, improving relaxation, and increasing frustration tolerance† (Kellis, E., 2011).Also, Assen Alladin from the University of Calgary Medical School, Alberta, Canada â€Å"advanced six clinical reasons for using hypnosis in treating depression: hypnosis a) amplifies subjective experience; b) serves as a powerful method for interrupting symptomatic patterns; c) facilitates experiential learning; d) helps to bridge and contextualize responses; e) provides different and more flexible models of inner reality and f) helps to establish focus of attention†. (Alladin, A. , 2010).Hypnosis could cure most people’s problems if the medical field would turn to what really works, rather than synthetic chemicals. In order to do that there needs to be a clear goal in the medical field: find the solution for each patient. This requires too much time and money and doctors need to care a great lot about their patients to switch to something more time and money consuming when they can resort to the lazy, cheap, money building â€Å"magic pill†. Therefore hypnosis is still not as widespread as other therapies.It has been disappearing for the same reason home cooking and exercise have been disappearing. Less work is what people will choose first. As Roberto A. Ingram M. D. states: â€Å"If hypnosis was as respected as morphine, it would become a tremendous weapon in the physician’s armamentarium. † (P. G. O'C. , 1998) â€Å"Hypnosis has been receiving increased attention in the medical literature. It has been considered for use in acute pain management along with a variety of disease states† (P. G. O'C. , 1998).The article â€Å"Hypnotic Analgesia Affects the Processing of Painful Stimuli,† published by the Australian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, describes some interesting findings: â€Å"Different brain mechanisms are involved in the processing of painful stimuli under hypnotic analgesia and attentional distraction instructions and support previous research findings that the differentiation of behavioral, subjective and electrophysiological responses may be a result of a dissociation between the processing of sensory information and the cognitive evaluation of that information† (Williams, J.D . , Croft, R. J. , Ferdinand, J. J. , & Gruzelier, J. H. , 2011).Hypnosis is a powerful tool in medicine. According to Hammond (2008) hypnosis is so powerful that in the 1800s James Esdaile, an English surgeon stationed in India, did open heart surgery with the sole use of hypnosis as an anesthesia. â€Å"This historic example †¦ provides powerful documentation of the ability of the mind to influence the body†. (Hammond, D. , 2008)Hypnosis is also very effective in the cure of psychosomatic diseases. Many empirical facts prove this, as in the Canadian article â€Å"Treatment of psychosomatic disorders†: â€Å"Many years ago ‘I made wide use of hypnosis for the removal of psychosomatic symptoms ‘by direct suggestion as well as for abreactive purposes. The results obtained in cases of monosymptomatic hysteria were encouraging. In patients with organ neuroses and in those with psychosomatic structural diseases†. (Wittkower, E. , 1964).Hypnotherapy is very successful in curing many diseases, and most of the diseases are psychosomatic (American Medical Association stated that 90% of diseases are indeed psychosomatic). Physicians should do more of it instead of using drugs that have high price tags and terrible side effects. However, it is more profitable and less time consuming to just give a pill that gives the effect the person wants, rather then using time and money to find the source of the problem and eradicate it.In conclusion, hypnosis is the power the heals mind, body and soul. It is a tool that has been researched for years, starting from Messner, a medical doctor in Austria, continuing with with James Braid a surgeon that gave it its name and with Erickson which created many methodologies and suggestions that were highly effective in the cure of mental and physical disorders.Hypnosis gives the therapist the ability to guide the client to remove old negative patterns with the use of abre action extinction techniques an d to replace it with positive association that will in the long run allow the client to be who he/she wants to be and also to lower stress which will improve overall health. Hypnosis is a proven tool to let go of addictions and to cure many mental and physical disorders and the world needs to be informed of its powers in order to get back in charge of its health. There is no â€Å"magic pill†; people need to cure themselves with the possible alternative tools that are out there.